Uma ufana nami, uhlale ubheke izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwekhaya lakho noma ihhovisi. Indawo eyodwa ebengilokhu ngiyinaka kakhulu kamuva nje impi yezinto zokwakha: ikakhulukazi, irabha ye-silicone vs nbr.
Kuningi okufanele kucatshangelwe uma kukhulunywa ngalezi zinto ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, irabha ye-silicone inokumelana nokushisa okuhle kakhulu kanye nezindawo zokumelana nesimo sezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-nbr ishibhile futhi kulula ukusebenza nayo.
Isingeniso: yini irabha ye-silicone ne-nbr, futhi uyini umehluko wabo oyinhloko?
Iyini irabha ye-silicone?
Irabha ye-Silicone iyi-elastomer eyakhiwe nge-silicone—yona ngokwayo i-polymer—equkethe i-silicon kanye ne-carbon, i-hydrogen, nomoya-mpilo. Irabha ye-Silicone kanye nerabha ye-nitrile butadiene (NBR) ama-elastomer amabili asetshenziswa kakhulu. Babelana ngezakhiwo eziningi, kodwa futhi kukhona umehluko oyinhloko owenza into ngayinye ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene.
Irabha ye-Silicone yaziwa ngokumelana kwayo okuhle kakhulu nokushisa nokubanda, kanye nekhono layo lokumelana nokuchayeka kwe-UV ne-ozone. Iphinde ibe nezindawo ezinhle zokuvikela ugesi futhi imelana namakhemikhali athile.
Yini i-NBR?
I-NBR, eyaziwa nangokuthi irabha ye-nitrile butadiene, iyi-copolymer yerabha yokwenziwa eyakhiwe i-acrylonitrile ne-butadiene. I-NBR yayingenye yamarabha okwenziwa okuqala amelana nowoyela. Yasungulwa ngo-1941 ngusokhemisi uDkt. Waldo Semon we-BF Goodrich Company. Le copolymer ibonakala ngokumelana kwayo kahle nowoyela, uphethiloli, namanye amakhemikhali, kanye nekhono layo lokumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo, i-NBR isetshenziselwa uphethiloli kanye namapayipi okuphatha amafutha, ama-seal, ama-gaskets, nama-o-rings; kanye nasezinhlelweni zezimoto kanye ne-aerospace. I-NBR ayinakho ukumelana nokukhanya kwe-UV kanye ne-ozone, ngakho-ke ayifanele ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle ngaphandle uma ivikelekile kulezi zakhi. Iphinde ibe nokungazweli kahle komhuzuko.
Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone ne-NBR
I-NBR (irabha ye-nitrile butadiene) iyirabha yokwenziwa elastomer eyakhiwe i-acrylonitrile ne-butadiene. Ngokungeziwe kulawa ma-monomer amabili ayinhloko, i-NBR iqukethe amanani amancane ama-copolymers njenge-hexadiene ne-di-isoprene. Igama elithi “NBR” limele irabha ye-nitrile butadiene. Kuyi-copolymer yama-monomers amabili e-hydrocarbon angagcwele: i-acrylonitrile ne-butadiene.
Kunomehluko omncane obalulekile phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone nerabha ye-nitrile butadiene, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-NBR. Okokuqala, i-NBR ngokuvamile ishibhile ukuyikhiqiza kunerabha ye-silicone. Ukwengeza, i-NBR imelana kakhulu namafutha namakhemikhali kunerabha ye-silicone, okuyenza ibe ukukhetha okungcono kuma-gaskets nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ingase ihlangane nalezi zinto. Kodwa-ke, irabha ye-silicone inebanga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza kune-NBR futhi ikwazi ukumelana nesimo sezulu, okusho ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zangaphandle lapho i-NBR ingawonakala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isicelo esivame kakhulu se-NBR sisembonini yezimoto, lapho itholakala khona kumapayipi nama-seal. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwenza ama-gaskets, ama-seal, nama-O-rings.
Ukwakheka: yiziphi izithako eziyinhloko ohlotsheni ngalunye lwerabha?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zerabha: i-silicone ne-nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Zombili zinezakhiwo ezihlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa.
Irabha ye-Silicone yenziwe nge-silicon, umoya-mpilo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nezinye izakhi ezifana nekhabhoni ne-hydrogen. Inokumelana kahle nokushisa nokubanda futhi ayibhidliki kalula. Isetshenziswa epayipini lezokwelapha kanye nokudla, i-cookware, ukuvala amadivaysi ezokwelapha kanye nama-sealants.
I-NBR yenziwe nge-butadiene, irabha yokwenziwa eyenziwe ngemikhiqizo ye-petroleum. Inokumelana kahle nowoyela kanye namakhemikhali kodwa ayibambeki kahle emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. I-NBR isetshenziswa kuma-seal ezimoto, ama-gaskets, namapayipi.
Izakhiwo: yiziphi izinto ezibonakalayo irabha ye-silicone ne-nbr efana ngayo, futhi ihluke kanjani?
Irabha ye-Silicone nerabha ye-nitrile butadiene (NBR) zingama-elastomer amabili aziwa kakhulu emakethe. Zombili ziyaguquguquka futhi zihlala isikhathi eside, okuzenza zilungele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Kodwa yiziphi izici ezibonakalayo lezi zinto ezimbili ezifanayo, futhi zihluke kanjani?
Kokubili irabha ye-silicone ne-NBR ibonakala ngokuguquguquka kwayo nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Irabha ye-Silicone ingamelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-200°C, kuyilapho i-NBR ikwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku-120°C. Zombili izinto ezisetshenziswayo ziphinde zimelane namafutha namakhemikhali, nakuba i-NBR imelana kakhulu kunerabha ye-silicone.
Umehluko owodwa obalulekile phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone ne-NBR ubulukhuni bayo. Irabha ye-Silicone ithambile kakhulu kune-NBR, iyenza ifaneleke kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kudingeka khona ukuguquguquka.
Ukusetshenziswa kwerabha ye-silicone
Irabha ye-Silicone yaziwa ngokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, okuyenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa kuma-gaskets nama-seal ezinjinini nakweminye imishini. Ibuye isetshenziswe ezitsheni zokupheka, kumapani okubhaka, nasezitsheni zokugcina ukudla ngoba iyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi ayisebenzi ngokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, irabha ye-silicone iguquguquka kakhulu, ngakho-ke ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakha amashubhu, ama-seal, neminye imikhiqizo edinga ukukwazi ukugoba noma ukunyakaza. Inezici zomzimba namakhemikhali ezihlukile eziyenza ifanele ukusetshenziswa okuningi okuhlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:
-Izicelo zezimoto: izigxivizo, ama-gaskets, amapayipi, izimbobo zenjini
-Izicelo zikagesi: ukwahlukanisa, ukufakwa ngocingo
-Izicelo zezokwelapha: amashubhu, izigxivizo, izimila
-Izinto zokupheka: i-bakeware, iziqukathi zokugcina ukudla
-Umshini wokunyathela oshisayo: amarola erabha abicah
-Ukulawula ukudambisa nokudlidliza: amabhola e-Harvey
Izicelo ze-NBR
I-NBR, noma irabha ye-nitrile butadiene, iyirabha yokwenziwa engavimbeli uwoyela eyasungulwa ekuqaleni njengenye indlela yerabha yemvelo. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa lapho ukumelana nowoyela we-petroleum kudingekile futhi ingatholakala ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ezifana namapayipi ezimoto nama-grommets, ama-o-rings kanye nezimpawu, amapayipi kaphethiloli, njalonjalo. I-NBR ingasetshenziswa futhi lapho ukumelana nokuhlaselwa kwamakhemikhali noma ukuhuzuka kuwukukhathazeka okuyinhloko. Inzuzo ye-NBR ngaphezu kwamanye amarabha okwenziwa ukuthi inokumelana kahle nokuhuzuka ngisho nakuma-durometer ayo athambile.
I-NBR iyirabha yokwenziwa eqinile kunenjoloba yemvelo, ngakho-ke ivamise ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni edinga ukuqina, njengamathayi, amapayipi, namabhande.
Izinzuzo zenjoloba ye-silicone
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zenjoloba, ngayinye enezici ezihlukile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Olunye uhlobo olunjalo irabha ye-silicone, enezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zenjoloba.
Irabha ye-Silicone imelana nezinga lokushisa elidlulele, kokubili kushisa nokubanda. Iyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi aze afike ku--148 degrees Fahrenheit (-100 degrees Celsius) futhi afike ku-500 degrees Fahrenheit (260 degrees Celsius). Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ezinye izinhlobo zenjoloba zingabhidlika noma zilahlekelwe ukwakheka kwazo.
Irabha ye-silicone nayo imelana ne-ozone, ukukhanya kwe-UV, nezinye izinhlobo zemisebe. Lokhu kuyenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zangaphandle lapho izovezwa khona ezintweni.
Ngaphezu kokumelana kwayo nokushisa okukhulu nemisebe ye-UV, irabha ye-silicone nayo imelana namanzi namafutha. Lokhu kuyenza ibe inketho ekahle ukusetshenziswa kuma-seal, ama-gaskets, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ezinye izinhlobo zenjoloba zingalinyazwa ngokushesha yilezi zinto.
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi, irabha ye-silicone inakho ukungalungi okuthile. Ayinamandla njengezinye izinhlobo zenjoloba, ngakho-ke ayifanele izicelo lapho amazinga aphezulu wamandla edingeka khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, irabha ye-silicone ibiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zenjoloba.
Izinzuzo ze-NBR
I-NBR, noma irabha ye-nitrile butadiene, i-polymer yerabha yokwenziwa eyenziwe nge-acrylonitrile ne-butadiene. Ingenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zophawu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokumelana nezinhlobonhlobo zamakhemikhali, uwoyela, namazinga okushisa. Nazi ezinye zezinzuzo zokusebenzisa izigxivizo ze-NBR:
-Ukumelana kahle nokuhuzuka
-Kuhle ukumelana namakhemikhali
-Isethi yokucindezela okuhle
-Kuhle ukumelana nowoyela
-Amandla amahle we-tensile
– Ibanga lokushisa elihle
Ukungalungi kwerabha ye-silicone
Irabha ye-Silicone inenani lokubi elikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ibiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi zenjoloba, ngakho-ke akuyona into yokuqala yokukhetha kubakhiqizi. Futhi ayiqinile njengezinye izinhlobo zenjoloba, ngakho-ke ingase ingabi inketho engcono kakhulu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga impilo ende. Ukwengeza, irabha ye-silicone ayimelani nokushisa njengezinye izinhlobo zenjoloba, ngakho-ke ingase ingabi inketho engcono kakhulu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Isiphetho: yiluphi uhlobo lwerabha olungcono kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile?
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zenjoloba, ngayinye enesethi yayo ehlukile yezakhiwo. Irabha ye-Silicone kanye ne-NBR (irabha ye-nitrile butadiene) yizinhlobo ezimbili zenjoloba ezivame kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, iyiphi engcono kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile?
Irabha ye-Silicone ngokuvamile imelana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphezulu kune-NBR. Iphinde ibe nezindawo ezinhle zokuvikela ugesi futhi imelana nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ne-ozone. Nokho, irabha ye-silicone ayiqinile njenge-NBR futhi ivame ukubiza kakhulu.
I-NBR iqinile kunerabha ye-silicone futhi ibiza kancane. Iphinde futhi imelane kahle nowoyela kanye namakhemikhali. Nokho, i-NBR ayimelani namazinga okushisa aphezulu njengerabha ye-silicone futhi ingehlisa izinga ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
Ngakho-ke, yiluphi uhlobo lwerabha olungcono kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile? Kuya ngesicelo.
