Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni imathiriyeli yemveliso yakho elandelayo, kubalulekile ukuvavanya iinzuzo kunye neengozi zokhetho ngalunye. Kule post blog, siza kuthelekisa izinto ezimbini ezithandwayo: irabha ye-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane.
Yintoni irabha ye-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane?
Irabha ye-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane zimbini ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ii-elastomers. Zombini zizixhobo ezihlala ixesha elide ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kukho umahluko ophambili phakathi kwazo.
Irabha ye-Silicone yirabha yokwenziwa eyenziwe kwi-silicone, ikhompawundi ye-silicon kunye ne-oksijini, oku kuthetha ukuba inamandla okubuyela kwimo yayo yangaphambili emva kokuba yoluliwe okanye ixinzelelwe. Irabha ye-Silicone inezixhobo ezininzi eziluncedo, kubandakanywa ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ubuthi obuphantsi, kunye nokumelana nemozulu kunye nokuguga. Isetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo, kubandakanywa izitywini, iigaskets, ukugqunywa kombane, kunye neendawo zeemoto.
I-polyurethane yenye irabha eyenziwe nge-polyurethane, i-compound of carbon, i-hydrogen, kunye ne-oxygen, kodwa ayiguquki njengerabha ye-silicone. I-Polyurethane nayo ineempawu ezininzi eziluncedo, kubandakanywa ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwe-abrasion kunye nokuguquguquka. Isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngeecushion zogwebu eziguquguqukayo, iingubo, izinto zokuncamathelisa, kunye nezitywina.
Nguwuphi umahluko ophambili phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane?
Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni izinto eziphathekayo kwimveliso yakho, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimpawu zokhetho ngalunye. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi xa uthatha isigqibo phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane. Nangona zombini imathiriyeli ilukhetho olugqwesileyo kwiimveliso ezininzi, zineempawu ezahlukeneyo ezinokwenza enye ilunge ngakumbi kunenye.
Omnye umahluko ophambili phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane yi-durometer, okanye ukuqina. Irabha ye-Silicone inoluhlu olubanzi lobunzima, ukusuka kwithambile kakhulu ukuya kunzima kakhulu. Oku kwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwiimveliso ezifuna ukuthamba okanye ukuguquguquka, njenge-gaskets okanye itywina. I-polyurethane nayo inoluhlu olubanzi lobunzima, kodwa eyona ndlela inzima kakhulu kunokhetho olunzima lwerabha ye-silicone. Oku kwenza i-polyurethane ifaneleke ngcono kwiimveliso ezifuna ukuqina, ezifana namavili okanye ii-casters.
Omnye umahluko phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane yinkqubo yokunyanga. Iirubha zeSilicone zinyangwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ubushushu, ubushushu begumbi, kunye nemitha. I-polyurethane inoluhlu olulinganiselweyo lweenkqubo zokunyanga.
Okokugqibela, irabha yeSilicone iyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu kwaye yomelele kunepolyurethane, kodwa ikwabiza kakhulu. I-polyurethane, kwelinye icala, iguquguquka ngakumbi kwaye inoxinano olusezantsi, iyenza ibe khaphukhaphu ngobunzima.
Ziziphi iingenelo zerabha ye-silicone?
Irabha ye-Silicone ineenzuzo ezahlukeneyo ezenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi ahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa. Enye yeenzuzo eziphawulekayo zerabha ye-silicone kukumelana kwayo nobushushu obugqithisileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ingasetyenziselwa kwiindawo eziphezulu zokushisa ngaphandle kokwesaba umonakalo okanye ukuthotywa. Ukongeza, irabha ye-silicone iphinda ixhathise kakhulu kwiikhemikhali, iyenza ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwiimeko apho kukho amandla okuvezwa kwiikhemikhali eziqatha.
Ziziphi iingenelo ze-polyurethane?
I-Polyurethane yinto eyomeleleyo, ehlala ixesha elide enokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokukrazuka kunye nokukrazuka, oko kuyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwizinto ezinxitywayo ezinje ngeendawo zemoto, iigiya kunye neerola. I-Polyurethane nayo ayinamanzi kwaye iyamelana nohlaselo lwekhemikhali, iyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle.
Iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo: ziyichaphazela njani indalo esingqongileyo?
Nangona zombini i-polyurethane kunye ne-silicone irabha ziyimathiriyeli eyenziwe nge-polymerization, zineepropati ezahlukeneyo ezenza ukuba nganye ifaneleke ngakumbi kwizicelo ezithile. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini kukuba i-polyurethane yi-thermoset ngelixa i-rubber ye-silicone i-thermoplastic. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa i-polyurethane iphilisiwe, ayinakunyibilika kwaye ihlaziywe njengetoti yerabha ye-silicone. Omnye umehluko obalulekileyo kukuba i-polyurethane iqulethe i-carbon ngelixa i-rubber ye-silicone ingenayo.
Xa kuziwa kwimpembelelo yokusingqongileyo, zombini izixhobo zineenzuzo kunye neengxaki. Kwelinye icala, akukho neekhemikhali eziyityhefu okanye isinyithi esinzima ukuze zilahlwe ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphandle kokonakalisa okusingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba zombini zizixhobo zokwenziwa ezenziwe kwiimveliso ezisekwe kwipetroleum, azinakonakala kwaye ziya kuhlala kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma iminyaka emininzi.
Yiyiphi irabha ye-silicone yolona khetho lufanelekileyo?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeerubha, kwaye nganye ineempawu ezizodwa ezenza ukuba zilungele izicelo ezithile. Irabha ye-Silicone yenye yezona ntlobo zininzi zerubha, kwaye inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Nazi ezinye iimeko xa irabha ye-silicone ilolona khetho lungcono:
-Xa ufuna irabha enokuthi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo: Irabha ye-Silicone inokumelana namaqondo okushisa ukusuka -55 ° C ukuya +300 ° C, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo apho ezinye iirubha zingaphumeleli.
-Xa ufuna irabha ekwaziyo ukumelana neekhemikhali: Irabha yeSilicone iyaxhathisa kwiikhemikhali ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ioyile, igrisi, kunye neeasidi. Oku kwenza kube lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwizicelo apho ezinye iirubha ziyakonakaliswa.
-Xa ufuna irabha eneempawu ezilungileyo zokugquma umbane: Irabha ye-silicon yi-insulator egqwesileyo kwaye inokusetyenziswa kwizicelo apho izixhobo zombane kufuneka zibekwe zodwa omnye komnye.
-Xa ufuna i-rubber eguquguqukayo: I-rubber ye-silicone iguquguquka kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo zeerubha, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo apho kufuneka khona ukuguquguquka.
Yiyiphi i-polyurethane yolona khetho lungcono?
Irabha yePolyurethane yimathiriyeli eguquguqukayo enokusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Ibe ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kwe-abrasion, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwiimveliso eziza kubona ukusetyenziswa okunzima. Ikwanayo nokumelana neekhemikhali ezilungileyo, iyenza ibe lukhetho oluhle lweemveliso eziza kudibana nezinto ezinobungozi. I-Polyurethane ikwasisithinteli esilungileyo, esenza ukuba ilungele imveliso ekufuneka ikhuselwe kwiingozi zombane.
Unokukhetha njani phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane?
Lo ngumbuzo oqhelekileyo ongenampendulo ilula. Kuxhomekeke kwisicelo kunye neempawu ezithile ezifunekayo. Nazi izikhokelo ngokubanzi:
Ukuba ubushushu obuphezulu bufunekayo, hamba kunye nerubha ye-silicone. Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kutsho kuma-204°C (400°F). I-polyurethane iyakwazi ukunyamezela amaqondo obushushu ukuya kuma-93°C (200°F). Okufana nokugqithiswa kobushushu kweerola zerabha ze-silicone.
Ukuba ukuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kuyimfuneko, khetha irabha ye-silicone. Ihlala ibhetyebhetye ukuya kutsho kwi -55°C (-67°F). Ipolyurethane iba lukhuni kwaye ibe brittle kwi -40°C (-40°F).
Ukuba ukuxhathisa imichiza kuyimfuneko, kwakhona, khetha irabha ye-silicone. Ibamba kakuhle kwi-oyile, igrisi, i-petroli, kunye nolwelo olwenziwa ngamanzi. I-Polyurethane ayinakuxhathisa i-oyile kunye namafutha kodwa isebenza kakuhle nge-aliphatic hydrocarbons efana nepetroli.
I-polyurethane igqwesa irabha ye-silicone ekuxhathiseni i-abrasion, amandla okukrazula, kunye namandla okuqina. Ukuba ezi zakhiwo zibalulekile, hamba kunye ne-polyurethane. Ezinje nge: Anti-slip mat yeqonga lokomba, i-PU vibrating screen.
isiphelo
Ukususela kule ngxoxo ingentla, kuyacaca ukuba irabha ye-silicone ineenzuzo ezininzi ngaphezu kwe-polyurethane. Irabha yeSilicone iguquguquka ngakumbi, yomelele, kwaye inokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kune-polyurethane. Ikwanayo neentlobo ngeentlobo zokusetyenziswa kwaye inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, irabha ye-silicone ibiza kakhulu kune-polyurethane kwaye akukho lula ukuyifumana.
