Uma ufuna ishidi lerabha le-silicone lekhwalithi ephezulu, ufike endaweni efanele. Kule bhulogi, sizokuhambisa kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza, kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. Ngakho-ke hlala, uphumule, futhi ujabulele ukugibela!
Isingeniso
Irabha ye-Silicone iyinto enwebekayo enezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela ku-insulation kagesi kuya ekufakweni kwezokwelapha. Yenziwe ngokucubungula i-silicone, i-polymer yokwenziwa eyenziwe ngamabhondi e-Si-O-Si, ibe into efana nerabha. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukubumba umjovo, ukubunjwa kokucindezela, nokukhipha.
Isinyathelo sokuqala senqubo yokukhiqiza amashidi erabha ye-silicone ukwakha i-silicone polymer. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuhlanganisa i-silica (SiO2), etholakala esihlabathini, ne-oxygen ne-methane. Ingxube ewumphumela ibe isifakwa ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-hydrolysis, ephula amabhondi e-Si-O-Si futhi yakhe i-polymer ewuketshezi.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukwelapha i-silicone polymer. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningi, kodwa indlela evame kakhulu ukufaka i-peroxide engxubeni, okwenza i-polymer ixhumane futhi yakhe inethiwekhi yamaketanga. Uma usuphulukisiwe, irabha ye-silicone izoba nezakhiwo ezifana nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokunwebeka.
Ngemuva kokwelashwa, irabha ye-silicone ingacutshungulwa ibe yizinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene, njengamashidi, amashubhu, noma izingxenye ezibunjiwe. Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokucubungula irabha ye-silicone ibe yifomu leshidi i-calendering, lapho irabha idluliswa ngama-roller amabili ayishaya ibe ishidi. Ezinye izindlela zifaka i-extrusion kanye nokubunjwa kokucindezela.
Uma isicutshungulwe ibe yifomu leshidi, irabha ye-silicone ingasikwa ngosayizi futhi isetshenziswe ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesivikelo sikagesi noma isithiyo esishisayo kumishini kagesi, kanye nakuma-gaskets, seal, kanye namashubhu.
Iyini i-Silicone Rubber?
Irabha ye-Silicone iyi-elastomer eyakhiwe nge-silicone—yona ngokwayo i-polymer—equkethe i-silicon kanye ne-carbon, i-hydrogen, nomoya-mpilo. I-silicon iyisici sesibili esigcwele kakhulu oqweqweni loMhlaba, ngemuva kwe-oxygen.
Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, abenzi bezindiza i-Dow Corning kanye ne-General Electric baqala ukusebenzisa irabha ye-silicone ukwenza ama-gaskets, amashubhu, kanye nokufakwa kwemishini yezempi. Ngemva kokuphela kwempi kanye nokunye ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo kwase kwakhiwe, irabha ye-silicone yaba into ebalulekile yezimboni. Ingakheka ibe yizigxivizo namashubhu noma izungeze amakhoyili kagesi; ingasetshenziswa njenge-insulator ezitshalweni zamandla nanjenge-sealant yezinhlelo zamapayipi; ingenza izinto zasendlini njenge-bakeware kanye nezitsha zasekhishini; futhi itholakala ezinsizeni zezokwelapha ezinjengama-catheter, ama-contact lens, izimila, nama-prosthetics.
Umlando
Irabha ye-Silicone yaqala ukwakhiwa emzamweni ohlanganyelwe phakathi kwe-Corning Glass Works ne-Dow Corning ngo-1943. Yaqala yathuthukiswa njengento evimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-elekthronikhi. Ngawo-1950s, irabha ye-silicone yaqala ukusetshenziswa kabanzi njengesivali, isinamathiselo, kanye nesigcobo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngawo-1960 no-1970, irabha ye-silicone yayisiphenduke into ebalulekile ezimbonini eziningi ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izimboni zezimoto, i-aerospace, zikagesi, zezokwelapha, nezokudla.
Irabha ye-Silicone ihlukile kuma-elastomers okwenziwa ngenxa yekhono layo lokugcina ukuguquguquka kwayo namandla phezu kwebanga lokushisa elibanzi. Ingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho izinga lokushisa lisukela ku -55°C kuya ku-+300°C (-67°F kuya ku-+572°F).
Izici
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa irabha ye-silicone ekwenzeni isikhunta izici zayo zokukhulula kalula. Ngokungafani ne-plaster noma ezinye izinto zokubumba, isikhunta se-silicone singacwecwa kalula kude nemodeli ephulukisiwe ngaphandle kokulimaza imodeli. Lesi sici siphinde sivumele ukubunjwa okuningi okuvela ekubunjweni okukodwa - ngemva kokuba isikhunta sihlutshiwe ekubunjweni kokuqala, singasetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuze senze amakhophi aphelele.
Ngaphezu kwezakhiwo zayo ezilula zokukhishwa, irabha ye-silicone nayo inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yinto ekahle yokwakha isikhunta esizosetshenziswa nezinto ezidinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu ngesikhathi sokuphulukiswa noma ukukhishwa, njengama-epoxy resins.
Inqubo Yokukhiqiza Yerabha Ye-Silicone
Inqubo yokukhiqiza irabha ye-silicone ingahlukaniswa ibe izingxenye ezimbili: ukwakhiwa kwe-polymer eyisisekelo kanye nokuxhumanisa kwe-polymer ukuyiphulukisa.
I-polymer eyisisekelo yenziwa ngokuhlanganisa ndawonye amakhemikhali amabili ahlukene, i-silicon nomoya-mpilo. Into ewumphumela uwuketshezi olucacile, olubonakalayo olwaziwa ngokuthi i-silicone. Uma i-silicone isidaliwe, ingaxutshwa nezinye izinto ukuze kwakhiwe imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ehlukene, kuhlanganise namashidi enjoloba.
Ukuze uguqule i-silicone ibe yirabha, kufanele yenze inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-cross-linking. Le nqubo ishintsha ama-molecule e-silicone enziwe inethiwekhi enezinhlangothi ezintathu enikeza irabha izici zayo eziphawulekayo, njengokunwebeka. Kunezindlela eziningana ezihlukene ezingasetshenziswa ukunqamula irabha ye-silicone, okuhlanganisa ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet noma ukushisa, noma ngokungeza amakhemikhali aziwa ngokuthi ama-vulcanizing agents.
Izinzuzo Zerabha Ye-Silicone
Irabha ye-Silicone iyinto ethandwa kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zokukhiqiza. Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele ziyenza ibe yinketho ekahle ezimbonini eziningi, okuhlanganisa:
-Izimoto: Irabha ye-Silicone ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimoto ngoba ikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu. Iyakwazi ukumelana nowoyela namanye amakhemikhali okwenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa ezinjinini zezimoto.
-I-Electronics: Irabha ye-Silicone isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini ye-electronics ngoba iyi-insulator enhle kakhulu futhi ingakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.
-Ukudla nesiphuzo: Irabha ye-silicone ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ukudla nesiphuzo ngoba ayinabo ubuthi futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
-Ezokwelapha: Ishidi lerabha le-silicone yebanga lezokwelapha ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezokwelapha ngoba ayinabo ubuthi futhi ingavalwa inzalo. Iphinde imelane noketshezi lomzimba negazi.
Ikusasa Lerabha Ye-Silicone
Ukuhlukahluka kwezakhiwo ezitholakala ngerabha ye-silicone kwenza ukuthi isetshenziswe ezimeni eziningi ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ingasetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha njenge-sealant, embonini yokudla njengezithako kanye nesengezo sokudla, emkhakheni wezokwelapha njengento yokufakelwa kanye ne-prosthetics. Njengoba umhlaba uya ngokuya uqaphela imvelo, iqiniso lokuthi irabha ye-silicone ingaphinda igaywe kabusha iyenza ibe isiphakamiso esikhanga kakhulu ezinhlelweni eziningi.
FAQ sika
1. Ingabe irabha ye-silicone iphephile?
Yebo, irabha ye-silicone iphephile ukuyisebenzisa. Kuyinto engeyona enobuthi eyi-hypoallergenic futhi ingabangeli noma yikuphi ukucasuka kwesikhumba.
2. Yenziwa kanjani irabha ye-silicone?
Irabha ye-Silicone yenziwa ngenqubo ye-polymerization. Le nqubo ihilela ukuhlanganisa ama-molecule amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama-monomers ukuze akhe ama-molecule amakhulu abizwa ngokuthi ama-polymers. Ishidi lenjoloba ye-silicone libe selivuthwa, noma lelashwe, ukuze linikeze izici zalo zokugcina.
3. Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa irabha ye-silicone?
Irabha ye-Silicone inezinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukumelana kwayo nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ubuthi obuphansi, nokumelana nesimo sezulu. Iphinde ibe isivikelo esihle kakhulu sikagesi futhi inokumelana kahle namakhemikhali.
Isiphetho
Sengiphetha, inqubo yokukhiqiza ishidi lerabha ye-silicone iyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yenjoloba. Ngokuqonda inqubo nokubaluleka kwayo, Umkhiqizi weshidi lenjoloba ye-silicone ye-SUCONVEY bangaqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo isezingeni eliphezulu futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende abo.
