Yintoni iNitrile Rubber?
Irabha ye-Nitrile yenziwe kwi-butadiene kunye ne-acrylonitrile nge-emulsion polymerization. I-lotion yenziwa ikakhulu yi-lotion polymerization kumaqondo aphantsi obushushu. Ngoko ke, ukuxhathisa kwayo kunye nokushisa kunamandla kwaye ukunamathela kwayo kulungile. Ngokuthe ngcembe iba yinto ebalulekileyo enwebekayo kwiimoto, kwinqwelomoya, kwipetroleum, kwifotokopi nakwamanye amashishini.
I-Butadiene monomer iqulethe izakhiwo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zekhonkco: i-CIS, i-trans, kunye ne-1,2-amaqela atshisiweyo. Ngokubanzi, iimveliso zerabha ze-nitrile zithatha malunga ne-78%. Ukongezelela, i-molecular chain chain structure iqulethe iqela le-cyano, ngoko ke ukuchasana kweoli kubhetele kunokwerubha jikelele. Ezi rubber ziquka irabha yendalo, i-neoprene, kunye ne-styrene-butadiene irabha; Phakathi kwabo, ukuchasana kweoli kujoliswe kakhulu kwioli yamaminerali, i-liquid fuel, isilwanyana kunye neoli yemifuno, kunye ne-solvent.
Eyona ntsebenzo icacileyo yeNitrile kukuxhathisa kweoli. Ngokuxhathisa kwayo kakuhle kwe-oyile, irabha ye-nitrile idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iimveliso zerabha ezinganyangekiyo kwi-oyile. Irabha ye-Nitrile inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwenza iimveliso zerabha ezixhathisa i-oyile, kubandakanywa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-oyile-resistant gaskets, imikhono, ukupakishwa okuguquguqukayo, ithumbu eliguquguqukayo, ukuprinta kunye nokudaya iibhedi, izixhobo zerabha yentambo, njl.
Enye inzuzo yeemveliso zerabha ye-nitrile kukuba inobushushu benkonzo ephezulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iirubha, kwaye ubushushu bazo obuqhelekileyo bokusebenza kwexesha elide linokufikelela kwi-120 ℃; Elona qondo lobushushu leglasi lisezantsi linokufikelela ku-55 ℃. Kukwakho nezinye izinto ezingeloncedo. Its Kwangaxeshanye, ukusebenza kwayo kokugquma akulunganga ncam kwaye ukuqina kwayo kuphantsi.
Yintoni irabha yeSilicone?
Igama lesiNgesi le-silica gel yi-silica gel okanye i-Silica, i-chemical formula yi-mSiO2 nH2O, kwaye ingabizwa ngokuba yi-silica gel. Yimpahla ye-adsorptive enomsebenzi ophezulu, kwaye imeko yayo yezinto eziphathekayo i-amorphous. Ijeli ye-silica idla ngokubonakala okanye i-milky white granular solid; Isakhiwo sikhethekileyo kwaye sivula i-porous. Esi sakhiwo sibonelela ngeemeko ezilungileyo zokubhengeza inani elikhulu lezinto, kwaye ine-adsorption enhle. Ukongeza, inokuthi iguqulwe ibe yijeli ye-silica ye-hydrated, eyomeleleyo. Isinyathelo esithile kukongeza i-dilute sulfuric acid (okanye i-hydrochloric acid) kwisisombululo se-aqueous ye-sodium silicate kwi-static state. Emva koko hlamba ii-ion ze-electrolyte, ezifana ne-Na + kunye ne-SO42 - (Cl -) ngamanzi acocekileyo. Emva kokumisa, i-silica gel inokufumaneka. Ukuchaza amandla e-adsorption yayo, ukuthatha amanzi njengomzekelo, umthamo we-adsorption jikelele unokufikelela malunga ne-40% kwaye unamandla unokufikelela kwi-300%. Ngenxa yolu phawu lwejeli ye-silica, ingasetyenziselwa ukomisa igesi, ukufunxwa kwerhasi, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ichromatography, i-catalyst, njalo njalo. Kwaye kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa ethile, umbala we-silica gel ukwahluka. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-cobalt chloride yongezwa: iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwimeko eyomileyo, ebomvu emva kokufunxa amanzi, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ukuba ujonge ukuzisa le mveliso ye-silicone ekumgangatho ophezulu kwishishini lakho, qwalasela Suconvey abicah yeemveliso zerabha umthengisi yezisombululo zemveliso zendlela yokwenza iiprojekthi zakho ezilandelayo zibe nemveliso ngakumbi!
Icandelo eliphambili eliqulethwe kwi-silica gel yi-silica. Iimpawu zeekhemikhali ze-silica zizinzile. Ayinyibiliki emanzini kwaye ayidibani namanzi. Ngenxa yeempawu ze-silica, i-silica gel ayilula ukutshisa kwaye iimpawu zayo zizinzileyo. Ngethuba lokusebenza kokucubungula, umxholo wothuli kwi-workshop kufuneka ulawulwe ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-10mg / m3. Kwangaxeshanye, abasebenzi kufuneka bomeleze umoya wokungenisa umoya kwaye banxibe imaski. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yomthamo oqinileyo we-adsorption ye-silica gel, kulula ukubangela ukomisa kwesikhumba somntu, ngoko ke abasebenzi kufuneka banxibe iimpahla zokukhusela ngexesha lokusebenza ukuxhathisa umphumo wokomisa. Ukuba uchitha ijeli ye-silica emehlweni akho ngenxa yokusebenza ngokungakhathali, kufuneka uhlambe amehlo akho ngamanzi amaninzi. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngexesha. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, imibala ye-silica gel iyahluka phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye namazwe. Phakathi kwabo, ijeli ye-silica eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iqulethe inani elincinci le-cobalt chloride, enokuthi ibe yingozi. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuphepha ukudibanisa nokutya okanye i-inhalation. Nje ukuba ingene emzimbeni, kuyimfuneko ukuya esibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango kwangethuba. Ukuba ijeli ye-silica ibhengeza umphunga wamanzi okanye ezinye izinto eziphilayo phakathi ngexesha lokulungelelanisa, amandla ayo okubhengeza anokuba buthathaka, kodwa angaphinda asetyenziswe emva kokuhlaziywa.
Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kweNitrile Rubber kunye neSilicone Rubber?
Umahluko kwisakhiwo:
-Iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zerubha ziyi-silicone kunye ne-nitrile rubber. Bobabini baneempawu zabo ezizodwa ezenza ukuba zilungele izicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Irabha yeSilicone yenziwe kwipolymer yesilicon, ioksijini, kunye nezinye izinto, ezifana nekhabhoni kunye nehydrogen. Yirabha eyenziwe bhetyebhetye, ehlala ixesha elide, kwaye imelana nobushushu. Ingasetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo, ezifana imibhobho kunye nemibhobho, ukugqunywa kombane, izinto zokupheka, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nezinto ezincamathelayo.
Irabha ye-Nitrile yenziwe kwi-copolymer ye-acrylonitrile kunye ne-butadiene. Yirabha yokwenziwa ekwaziyo ukumelana ne-oyile kwaye inamandla afanelekileyo omatshini. Ingasetyenziselwa kwizicelo ezininzi apho ukuchasana kweoli okanye iikhemikhali kuyadingeka, njengezitywina kwiinjini zeemoto kunye ne-gaskets kwi-plumbing fixtures.
Umahluko kwiiPropati:
-I-Silicone kunye ne-nitrile irabha zombini zi-elastomers zokwenziwa. Babelana ngeepropati ezininzi, kodwa kukho iiyantlukwano ezimbalwa eziphambili phakathi kwabo.
Omnye weyona mahluko ubalulekileyo kukuba i-silicone yipolymer ye-inorganic, ngelixa irabha ye-nitrile iyipolymer ephilayo. Lo mahluko uvela kwinto yokuba i-silicone iqulethe i-silicon - i-metalloid - njengomqolo wayo, ngelixa i-nitrile rubber backbone ine-athomu ze-carbon.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali ze-silicone kunye nerabha ye-nitrile zibangela ukungafani okuphawulekayo komzimba. I-silicone inoxinano olusezantsi kunerabha ye-nitrile, oku kuthetha ukuba ilula. Ikwanayo nemodyuli ephezulu yoLutsha, okuthetha ukuba iqinile. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, irabha ye-nitrile inokumelana ne-abrasion engcono kunye namandla okukrazula kune-silicone.
Kukwakho umahluko wokusebenza phakathi kwezi zixhobo zimbini. I-Silicone inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunerabha ye-nitrile - ukuya kwi-204 ° C xa kuthelekiswa ne-121 ° C yerabha ye-nitrile - iyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu obufana nezicelo zemoto. I-rubber ye-nitrile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yenza ngcono kune-silicone ngokubhekiselele kwioli kunye nokuchasana kwamafutha; ingasetyenziselwa ukudibana neemveliso zokutya ngaphandle koloyiko lokungcoliseka.
Umahluko kuKuhlala:
-I-rubber ye-Nitrile ingabizi kakhulu kune-rubber ye-silicone, kodwa ayinwebeki kakhulu kwaye ayinako ixesha elide. Irabha ye-Silicone ibiza kakhulu kunerabha ye-nitrile, kodwa inoluhlu olukhulu lokunwebeka kunye nokuqina.
Umahluko kwi-Tear Resistance:
-I-rubber ye-Nitrile inokumelana nokushisa okulungileyo kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimveliso ezifuna ukuchasana nokushisa okuphezulu, njenge-oven mitts kunye neiglavu. Kodwa ukumelana nobushushu kwerabha ye-silicone kungaphantsi kwe-nitrile zerabha, umda wobushushu werabha ye-silicone uqhelekile ukuba mncinci kunerabha ye-nitrile.
Umahluko kwi-Abrasion Resistance:
-Ezi zixhobo zimbini zihlala zisetyenziswa kunye kuba zineempawu ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-rubber ye-nitrile ingasetyenziselwa iimveliso ezifuna ukuchasana neoli okanye amanzi, ngelixa i-rubber ye-silicone ifaneleka ngakumbi kwiimveliso ezifuna ukuxhathisa ukubola.
Umahluko kwizicelo:
-Omnye ulwahlulo oluphambili phakathi kwe-silicone kunye ne-nitrile rubber kukuba i-silicone iyirabha yokwenziwa, ngelixa i-nitrile iyirubha yendalo. Oku kuthetha ukuba irabha ye-nitrile yenziwe kwi-latex, evela kwizityalo, ngelixa i-silicone yenziwe kwizinto zokwenziwa.
Lo mahluko ekubunjweni ukhokelela kwinani leempawu ezahlukeneyo zohlobo ngalunye lwerabha. Ngokomzekelo, irabha ye-nitrile iyamelana neoli kunye neekhemikhali kune-silicone. I-silicone, kwelinye icala, inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kune-nitrile.
Ke, xa ukhetha phakathi kwe-silicone kunye nerubha ye-nitrile kwisicelo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu kumsebenzi othile okhoyo.
Umahluko kwiindleko:
-Kukho izizathu ezimbalwa eziphambili zokuba kutheni i-silicone ixabisa ngaphezu kwerubha ye-nitrile. Okokuqala, i-silicone inendawo yokunyibilika ephezulu kakhulu kunerubha ye-nitrile, okuthetha ukuba inokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Okwesibini, i-silicone ixhathisa ngakumbi ukuthotywa kokukhanya kwe-UV kunye nezinye izinto zokusingqongileyo. Okokugqibela, i-silicone iyinto enwebekayo ngakumbi kunerabha ye-nitrile, okuthetha ukuba inokolulwa ngakumbi ngaphandle kokwaphuka.
Umahluko kwimveliso:
-Irabha ye-Silicone yirubha yokwenziwa eyenziwe kwi-silicone, i-polymer ye-silicon kunye ne-oxygen. Iirubha zeSilicone zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo kunye nokuchasana nobushushu obugqithisileyo. Zisetyenziselwa kuyo yonke into ukusuka kwi-gaskets kunye netywina ukuya kwi-insulation yombane kunye nezixhobo zonyango.
Irabha ye-Nitrile, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Buna-N okanye i-NBR, yirabha yokwenziwa eyenziwe kwi-nitrile, i-copolymer ye-acrylonitrile kunye ne-butadiene. Iirubha ze-nitrile ziyakwazi ukumelana ne-oyile, amafutha kunye nezinye iikhemikhali. Zisetyenziselwa i-gaskets, i-seal, i-hoses, kunye nezinye iimveliso apho ukuchasana kweoli kuyadingeka.
Umahluko kuzinzo:
Xa kuziwa ekuzinzeni, ezimbini zezona zinto zidumileyo zisetyenziswa yi-silicone kunye nerubha ye-nitrile. Zombini ezi zixhobo zinezibonelelo zazo ezizodwa ezenza ukuba zilungele izicelo ezahlukeneyo. Nantsi inkcazo ekhawulezayo yomahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi zixhobo zimbini ezizinzileyo:
-I-Silicone yenziwe kwi-silicon, into eyenzeka ngokwemvelo enokufumaneka kwisanti kunye namatye. Ikwayenye yezona zinto zininzi kakhulu kumhlaba womhlaba. Oku kwenza i-silicone ibe ngumthombo ohlaziyekayo kakhulu.
-Irabha yeNitrile yenziwe ngepetroleum, isibonelelo esingahlaziyekiyo. Nangona kunjalo, irabha ye-nitrile inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona kwiimveliso ezintsha ekupheleni kobomi bayo.
-I-Silicone ine-carbon footprint ephantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iirubha zokwenziwa. Ngapha koko, i-silicone yokuvelisa ikhupha i-60% ngaphantsi kwekhabhon diokside kunokwenza irabha ye-nitrile.
-I-rubber ye-Nitrile iyamelana nobushushu kune-silicone, iyenza ibe yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo apho ukushisa okuphezulu kuxhalabisa.
-I-Silicone inoluhlu olubanzi lokunyamezela ukushisa (-40 ° C ukuya kwi-230 ° C), okwenza ukuba ifaneleke kuzo zombini izicelo ezibandayo kunye nezishushu.
-I-rubber ye-Nitrile ixhathisa ngakumbi kwi-abrasion kune-silicone, eyenza ibe yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo apho ukugqoka kunye nokukrazula kuxhalabisa.
Umahluko kwi-recyclability:
Kukho iiyantlukwano ezininzi phakathi kwe-silicone kunye ne-nitrile irabha, kodwa umahluko ophambili kukuba i-silicone iphinda isetyenziswe ngelixa i-rubber ye-nitrile ingekho. I-Silicone inokuphinda isetyenziswe ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-pelletization, apho izinto ziyancibilika kwaye zenziwe zibe yi-pellets ezincinci ezingasetyenziselwa ukudala iimveliso ezintsha. Irabha ye-Nitrile, kwelinye icala, ayinakuphinda isetyenziswe ngale ndlela ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sekhemikhali. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa iimveliso zerabha ze-nitrile zilahlwa, ziya kuphelela kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma apho ziya kuthatha iminyaka emininzi ukuba ziqhekeke.
Iinzuzo kunye nothelekiso:
Irabha ye-Nitrile kunye ne-silicone irabha ziintlobo ezimbini zerabha ezisoloko zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Irabha ye-Nitrile yinto ethambileyo, ebhetyebhetye ngakumbi kunerabha ye-silicone, eyenza ukuba ifaneleke ngakumbi kwezinye izicelo. Irabha ye-Nitrile nayo inobude bokuphila obude kunerabha ye-silicone. Olunye ulwahlulo olubalulekileyo phakathi kweerubha ze-nitrile kunye ne-silicone ziquka:
isiphelo
I-Nitrile kunye ne-silicone ziintlobo ezimbini zeerubha ezihlala zisetyenziswa kwiimveliso kuba zineempawu ezahlukeneyo. Irabha yeNitrile yirabha eyomeleleyo, eyenziweyo engabhetyebhetye njengesilicone. Kananjalo kunqabile ukuba kuphuke kukukhanya kwelanga okanye emoyeni kwaye kunokwenziwa vulcanized (yenziwe into eqinileyo) kubushushu obuphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, irabha ye-silicone iguquguquka kakhulu kwaye inokumelana namaqondo aphezulu okushisa. Ikwathanda kakhulu ukubuna kunye nokuguquka kombala kunerabha ye-nitrile.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo luya kuba nemikhwa eyahlukileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba amashishini kufuneka akhethe izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ngokwezidingo zabo.
